AROUND THE WORLD (Part 2): continents, countries, capital cities, mountains and rivers.

SOCIAL SCIENCE EXAM (WEDNESDAY, 29th NOV. 2017):

1. Continents.
2. Countries and capital cities.
3. Mountains and rivers.

CONTINENTS AND OCEANS (I recommend you to listen to the song, it's full of content!).

Continents are like big pieces of land. There are seven continents on Earth. The continents are called:

• Africa
• Antarctica

Antarctica is a continent that doesn’t have any countries. It is one of the coldest places in the world. People don’t live here.

• Asia
• Australia
• Europe

Europe is home to the smallest country in the world, the Holy See or the Vatican. It is the smallest country both in size and population.

• North America
• South America

Most of the continents have lots of different countries on them. A country is also a piece of land. But countries are much smaller than continents. Each country has its own government. The government makes the rules that everyone has to follow.

The five oceans are called:

• The Pacific Ocean
• The Atlantic Ocean
• The Indian Ocean
• Arctic Ocean
• Southern Ocean

Seas are smaller than oceans and are usually located where the land and ocean meet. Typically, seas are partially enclosed by land.

 

COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD

Do you know the name of your country? All countries have something called a government. Governments makes rules called laws. People have to follow the laws. You probably have rules in your house. What are some rules you have to follow in your home?

Each country has a capital city. The leader of the country usually lives in the capital city. This is also where the members of the government meet to make laws. What is the name of the capital city in your country?

COUNTRIES AND CAPITAL CITIES TO STUDY FOR THE EXAM (It's essential to learn their location).

1. Spain - Madrid
2. France - Paris
3. Germany - Berlin
4. Italy - Rome
5. Ireland - Dublin
6. United Kingdom - London
7. India - New Delhi
8. Australia - Canberra
9. New Zealand - Wellington
10. South Africa - Cape Town
11. United States - Washington D.C.
12. Canada - Ottawa
13. Russia - Moscow
14. China - Beijing
15. Morocco - Rabat
16. Brazil - Brasilia

It's time to practise! 

Continents and oceans: 

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/mmundi2e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/mmundi1e.html

European countries: 

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union3e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union2e.html

Worldwide countries: 

http://world-geography-games.com/

MOUNTAINS

A mountain is a landform that rises high above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. They are made from rocks and earth.

Generally, mountains are higher than 600 metres. Those less than 600 metres are called hills.

Some common features of mountains include the following:

• the summit, or the top of a mountain;
• the slope, or side of the mountain; and
• a very steep valley between young mountains.

A plateau is a raised area of land that is flat on top, sometimes found in mountainous areas.

RIVERS

All rivers start at the highest point in an area. As the river flows downstream, it gains more water from other streams, rivers, springs, added rainfall, and other water sources.

A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean.

A river is freshwater flowing across the surface of the land, usually to the sea.

• The longest river in the world is the Nile River, it reaches around 6650 kilometers in length (4132 miles). 
• The second longest river in the world is the Amazon River, it reaches around 6400 kilometres in length (4000 miles). 

for the exam

Check where these oceans and seas are located: 

• Indian Ocean 
• Caribbean Sea 
• Southern Ocean

Do you know the country where the Effeil tower is? Is it China...? May it be Portugal...?

Is Portugal to the East of Spain? Or... may it be to the West?

How many continents are there in the world? Five? Six? Eight?

Are pyramids common in Austria? Or may they be more common in Egypt? 

Do not forget to study where the 16 countries of the list are located! 

...and these are all my recommendations...